How to explain multiplication in multiplying and dividing negative numbers to your student
22 October 2026
Multiplying negative numbers can feel confusing at first. It helps to break the process into simple steps and look for patterns in the signs.
This example shows how to work out a multiplication with one negative number. Follow each step carefully to see how the answer is found.
Worked example
Calculate (-3) × 4
Step 1: Ignore the signs for now. Multiply 3 × 4 = 12
Step 2: Look at the signs. One number is negative and one is positive.
Step 3: The rule is: if the signs are different, the answer is negative.
So, (-3) × 4 = -12
The correct answer is -12.
Now your child can spot when the answer to a multiplication will be negative. This method makes it easier to tackle similar questions in 11+ maths practice.
Key insight: The sign of the answer depends on whether the numbers have the same or different signs. More practice questions like this are ready to help your child build confidence.
