Multiply a one-digit number by a two-digit number: word problems
31 October 2026
When children first meet word problems with multiplication, it helps to see how a one-digit number can be multiplied by a two-digit number in a real-life situation. By using clear steps and simple numbers, your child can build confidence with these types of questions.
Example question
A box holds 24 pencils. If there are 3 boxes, how many pencils are there in total?
Step 1: There are 3 boxes. Each box has 24 pencils.
Step 2: Multiply the number of pencils in one box by the number of boxes.
Step 3: 3 × 24
Step 4: Break 24 into 20 and 4. So, 3 × 20 = 60 and 3 × 4 = 12.
Step 5: Add 60 and 12. 60 + 12 = 72.
Key insight: Breaking up the two-digit number makes it easier to multiply in steps.
There are 72 pencils in total.
| Box | Pencils in each box |
|---|---|
| 1 | 24 |
| 2 | 24 |
| 3 | 24 |
After working through this example, your child will spot how breaking apart a two-digit number makes multiplying much easier to handle. They will be ready to try similar word problems and practise the same method themselves.
